How much should a homeowner save?
The familiar 1% rule is a starting point, not a promise. On a $350,000 home, one percent equals $3,500 per year, or roughly $292 per month. Local labor prices, climate, property age, and the systems you are responsible for can move that figure up or down.
When a larger reserve makes sense
Homes over 15 years old often have several major components approaching the same replacement window. Roofing, HVAC, plumbing fixtures, appliances, exterior paint, and water heaters can overlap. In that situation, saving closer to 2% may be more comfortable than waiting for each bill to become urgent.
Keep planned repairs separate
A general maintenance account is useful for routine work and surprises. A second bucket for a known roof, furnace, or exterior project makes the plan clearer and reduces the chance that one large job empties the entire emergency fund.
Review HOA responsibilities
Condo and townhouse owners should check the association documents before lowering their personal target. Some HOAs cover roofs, siding, landscaping, or shared systems, while others leave more of those costs to the owner.